Jarman 8: An index of social disadvantage

Second thoughts on the Jarman index.

Unemployment rates: an alternative to the Jarman index?

OBJECTIVE To compare the Jarman index with alternative deprivation measures with regard to its usefulness to district health authorities as an indicator of need at small area level. DESIGN The Jarman index (UPA (8)), Townsend's index of material deprivation, the Scottish Development Department's index, the Department of the Environment's basic index, and unemployment rates were compared in re...

Social Disadvantage and Crime

In this article, we analyze the relationship between social disadvantage and crime, starting from the paradox that most persistent offenders come from disadvantaged backgrounds, but most people from disadvantaged backgrounds do not become persistent offenders. We argue that despite the fact that social disadvantage has been a key criminological topic for some time, the mechanisms which link it ...

Social disadvantage and network turnover.

OBJECTIVES Research shows that socially disadvantaged groups--especially African Americans and people of low socioeconomic status (SES)--experience more unstable social environments. I argue that this causes higher rates of turnover within their personal social networks. This is a particularly important issue among disadvantaged older adults, who may benefit from stable networks. This article, ...

Disadvantage, inequality, and social policy.

Eliminating disparities in health is a primary goal of the federal government and many states. Our overarching objective should be to improve population health for all groups to the maximum extent. Ironically, enhancing population health and even the health of the disadvantaged can conflict with efforts to reduce disparities. This paper presents data showing that interventions that offer some o...